Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), including e cigarettes and vapes, are often perceived as a safer alternative to traditional tobacco. But is the evidence really supporting this belief? A recent umbrella review published Is lung inflammation worse in e cigarette users than smokers, as a new study suggests? Vaping refers to the act of inhaling and exhaling aerosol, often called vapor, produced by an electronic cigarette or similar device. These devices heat a liquid that usually contains nicotine, flavorings, and Electronic cigarettes and cardiovascular disease: epidemiological and biological links Pflgers Archiv European Journal of Physiology Springer Nature Link